1.cat /proc/version
'''
Linux version 3.13.0-30-generic (buildd@kissel) (gcc version 4.8.2 (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1) ) #55-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jul 4 21:40:53 UTC 2014
'''
2.uname -a
'''
Linux iZ25pyovl6lZ 3.13.0-30-generic #55-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jul 4 21:40:53 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
'''

1.lsb_release -a # 适用于所有发行版
'''
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID:    Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 14.04.4 LTS
Release:    14.04
Codename:    trusty
'''
2.cat /etc/issue # 同样适用于所有发行版
'''
Ubuntu 14.04.4 LTS \n \l
'''